The vertical and horizontal pathways in the monkey retina are modulated by typical and atypical cannabinoid receptors
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The vertical and horizontal pathways in the monkey retina are modulated by typical and atypical cannabinoid receptors. / Bouskila, Joseph; Bleau, Maxime; Micaelo-Fernandes, Catarina; Bouchard, Jean François; Ptito, Maurice.
In: Cells, Vol. 10, No. 11, 3160, 2021.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The vertical and horizontal pathways in the monkey retina are modulated by typical and atypical cannabinoid receptors
AU - Bouskila, Joseph
AU - Bleau, Maxime
AU - Micaelo-Fernandes, Catarina
AU - Bouchard, Jean François
AU - Ptito, Maurice
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - The endocannabinoid (eCB) system has been found in all visual parts of the central ner-vous system and plays a role in the processing of visual information in many species, including monkeys and humans. Using anatomical methods, cannabinoid receptors are present in the monkey retina, particularly in the vertical glutamatergic pathway, and also in the horizontal GABAergic pathway. Modulating the eCB system regulates normal retinal function as demonstrated by electrophysiological recordings. The characterization of the expression patterns of all types of cannabinoid receptors in the retina is progressing, and further research is needed to elucidate their exact role in processing visual information. Typical cannabinoid receptors include G-protein coupled receptor CB1R and CB2R, and atypical cannabinoid receptors include the G-protein coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) and the ion channel transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). This review focuses on the expression and localization studies carried out in monkeys, but some data on other animal species and humans will also be reported. Furthermore, the role of the endogenous cannabinoid receptors in retinal function will also be presented using intraocular injections of known modulators (agonists and antagonists) on electroretinographic patterns in monkeys. The effects of the natural bioactive lipid lysophosphatidylglucoside and synthetic FAAH inhibitor URB597 on retinal function, will also be described. Finally, the potential of typical and atypical cannabinoid receptor acti-vity regulation in retinal diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and retinitis pigmentosa will be briefly explored.
AB - The endocannabinoid (eCB) system has been found in all visual parts of the central ner-vous system and plays a role in the processing of visual information in many species, including monkeys and humans. Using anatomical methods, cannabinoid receptors are present in the monkey retina, particularly in the vertical glutamatergic pathway, and also in the horizontal GABAergic pathway. Modulating the eCB system regulates normal retinal function as demonstrated by electrophysiological recordings. The characterization of the expression patterns of all types of cannabinoid receptors in the retina is progressing, and further research is needed to elucidate their exact role in processing visual information. Typical cannabinoid receptors include G-protein coupled receptor CB1R and CB2R, and atypical cannabinoid receptors include the G-protein coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) and the ion channel transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). This review focuses on the expression and localization studies carried out in monkeys, but some data on other animal species and humans will also be reported. Furthermore, the role of the endogenous cannabinoid receptors in retinal function will also be presented using intraocular injections of known modulators (agonists and antagonists) on electroretinographic patterns in monkeys. The effects of the natural bioactive lipid lysophosphatidylglucoside and synthetic FAAH inhibitor URB597 on retinal function, will also be described. Finally, the potential of typical and atypical cannabinoid receptor acti-vity regulation in retinal diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and retinitis pigmentosa will be briefly explored.
KW - Atypical cannabinoid receptors
KW - Electroretinography
KW - Immunohistochemistry
KW - Monkeys
KW - Retina
KW - Typical cannabinoid receptors
KW - Visual system
U2 - 10.3390/cells10113160
DO - 10.3390/cells10113160
M3 - Review
C2 - 34831383
AN - SCOPUS:85118954713
VL - 10
JO - Cells
JF - Cells
SN - 2073-4409
IS - 11
M1 - 3160
ER -
ID: 285244568