Dose-Related Reduction in Hippocampal Neuronal Populations in Fetal Alcohol Exposed Vervet Monkeys
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Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a chronic debilitating condition resulting in behavioral and intellectual impairments and is considered the most prevalent form of preventable mental retardation in the industrialized world. We previously reported that 2-year-old offspring of vervet monkey (Chlorocebus sabeus) dams drinking, on average, 2.3 +/- 0.49 g ethanol per Kg maternal body weight 4 days per week during the last third of pregnancy had significantly lower numbers of CA1 (-51.6%), CA2 (-51.2%) and CA3 (-42.8%) hippocampal neurons, as compared to age-matched sucrose controls. Fetal alcohol-exposed (FAE) offspring also showed significantly lower volumes for these structures at 2 years of age. In the present study, we examined these same parameters in 12 FAE offspring with a similar average but a larger range of ethanol exposures (1.01-2.98 g/Kg/day; total ethanol exposure 24-158 g/Kg). Design-based stereology was performed on cresyl violet-stained and doublecortin (DCX)-immunostained sections of the hippocampus. We report here significant neuronal deficits in the hippocampus with a significant negative correlation between daily dose and neuronal population in CA1 (r(2) = 0.486), CA2 (r(2) = 0.492), and CA3 (r(2) = 0.469). There were also significant correlations between DCX population in the dentate gyrus and daily dose (r(2) = 0.560). Both correlations were consistent with linear dose-response models. This study illustrates that neuroanatomical sequelae of fetal ethanol exposure are dose-responsive and suggests that there may be a threshold for this effect.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 1117 |
Journal | Brain Sciences |
Volume | 12 |
Issue number | 9 |
Number of pages | 14 |
ISSN | 2076-3425 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2022 |
- fetal alcohol exposure, hippocampus, immature neurons, stereology, PRENATAL ETHANOL EXPOSURE, SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY, SPECTRUM DISORDERS, DENTATE GYRUS, GRANULE CELLS, BEHAVIOR, CONSUMPTION, PREVALENCE, PREGNANCY, CHILDREN
Research areas
ID: 321115189